منابع مشابه
Single-molecule analysis of phospholipid scrambling by TMEM16F
Transmembrane protein 16F (TMEM16F) is a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scramblase that translocates phospholipids bidirectionally between the leaflets of the plasma membrane. Phospholipid scrambling of TMEM16F causes exposure of phosphatidylserine in activated platelets to induce blood clotting and in differentiated osteoblasts to promote bone mineralization. Despite the importance of TMEM16F-med...
متن کاملCa2+-dependent phospholipid scrambling by a reconstituted TMEM16 ion channel
Phospholipid (PL) scramblases disrupt the lipid asymmetry of the plasma membrane, externalizing phosphatidylserine to trigger blood coagulation and mark apoptotic cells. Recently, members of the TMEM16 family of Ca(2+)-gated channels have been shown to be involved in Ca(2+)-dependent scrambling. It is however controversial whether they are scramblases or channels regulating scrambling. Here we ...
متن کاملFM1-43 reports plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling in T-lymphocytes.
We have found using imaging techniques that stimulating Jurkat human leukaemic T-cells with ionomycin in the presence of FM1-43, a dye used to monitor exocytosis and endocytosis, causes large (6--10-fold) increases in FM1-43 fluorescence. These responses are too large to be caused by exocytosis. Instead, three lines of evidence suggest that FM1-43 is responding to phospholipid scrambling. First...
متن کاملXkr8 phospholipid scrambling complex in apoptotic phosphatidylserine exposure.
Xk-related protein (Xkr) 8, a protein carrying 10 transmembrane regions, is essential for scrambling phospholipids during apoptosis. Here, we found Xkr8 as a complex with basigin (BSG) or neuroplastin (NPTN), type I membrane proteins in the Ig superfamily. In BSG(-/-)NPTN(-/-) cells, Xkr8 localized intracellularly, and the apoptosis stimuli failed to expose phosphatidylserine, indicating that B...
متن کاملStimulation of Phospholipid Scrambling of the Erythrocyte Membrane by 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid.
BACKGROUND/AIMS The endogenous retinoid 9-cis-retinoic acid has previously been shown to trigger apoptosis in a wide variety of cells including several tumor cells and has thus been suggested for the treatment of malignancy. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambli...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences
سال: 2015
ISSN: 1474-905X,1474-9092
DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00195a